Dental cavities are primarily caused by Streptococcus mutans, a bacteria that thrives in the mouth and produces acids that damage tooth enamel. In this study, researchers investigated whether cannabigerol (CBG)—a non-intoxicating cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant—could inhibit the growth and activity of this bacteria. Using laboratory (in vitro) models, scientists evaluated how CBG affected bacterial growth, structure, metabolism, and its ability to create an acidic environment that contributes to tooth decay.

The results showed that CBG had strong antibacterial activity against S. mutans, significantly slowing or stopping bacterial growth depending on the concentration. At lower levels, CBG acted as a bacteriostatic agent (slowing growth), while at higher concentrations it became bactericidal, reducing bacterial viability by up to 98–99%. The study also found that CBG disrupted the bacterial cell membrane, increasing permeability and altering its structure, which led to reduced metabolic activity. In addition, CBG prevented the drop in pH normally caused by these bacteria—an important factor in the development of cavities.

Overall, the findings suggest that CBG may have potential as a supportive antibacterial compound for oral health, particularly in preventing or reducing bacteria associated with tooth decay. Because the research was conducted in laboratory conditions rather than in human clinical trials, further studies are needed to determine how CBG could be safely and effectively used in real-world dental care products.

Source:
Aqawi M, et al. Anti-Bacterial Properties of Cannabigerol Toward Streptococcus mutans. National Library of Medicine (NIH):
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8100047/