Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s involve the progressive loss of nerve cells, leading to movement problems, memory decline, and cognitive challenges. Because current treatments often only ease symptoms, researchers are exploring whether phytocannabinoids—naturally occurring compounds from the Cannabis sativa plant—might influence the biological processes behind these disorders. This review article summarizes recent preclinical evidence (mainly studies in cells and animal models) to understand how certain cannabinoids may affect pathways linked to neurodegeneration.
The evidence so far suggests that several phytocannabinoids—including cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabigerol (CBG), and others—may have neuroprotective and anti‑inflammatory effects in laboratory models relevant to Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. For example, CBD has been shown to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, processes that contribute to nerve cell damage. Other cannabinoids appear to modulate signaling pathways involved in protein aggregation, a hallmark of Alzheimer’s, and to support dopamine‑producing neurons, which are affected in Parkinson’s. These actions may help slow or alter disease‑related changes in the brain under experimental conditions.
While the results are promising, the authors note that most findings come from preclinical studies rather than human clinical trials. This means that although phytocannabinoids show potential in laboratory settings, much more research—including well‑designed human studies—is needed to determine safety, effective dosing, and real‑world benefits for people with Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s. Nonetheless, the review highlights growing scientific interest in cannabinoids as potential supportive agents in neurodegenerative disorder research.
Source
Recent Preclinical Evidence on Phytocannabinoids in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Focus on Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Disease (June 2025) Available through the National Library of Medicine (NIH): https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12196234/